Hombres en movimiento

Masculinidades españolas en los exilios y emigraciones, 1939-1999

by Iker González-Allende

Series: Purdue Studies in Romance Literatures

326 Pages

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9781557538352 | Published: November 2018

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Hombres en movimiento: Masculinidades españolas en los exilios y emigraciones, 1939-1999, de Iker González-Allende, es el primer estudio detallado de cómo el exilio y la emigración influyen en la masculinidad de los hombres españoles, tanto heterosexuales como homosexuales, que se ven obligados a abandonar su país. En el libro, González-Allende analiza la literatura producida por escritores españoles que desde 1939 hasta finales del siglo XX han experimentado el exilio o la emigración, cubriendo tres momentos históricos: el largo exilio republicano como consecuencia de la Guerra Civil Española (1936-1939), la emigración a Europa durante la década de 1960 debido a la crisis económica en España y la reciente emigración de intelectuales a los Estados Unidos a finales del siglo XX. Revelando experiencias recurrentes de aislamiento, inseguridad, discriminación y feminización en el país de acogida, González-Allende sostiene que el exilio y la emigración causan un sentido de crisis, impotencia e inestabilidad en la masculinidad de los hombres desplazados. El autor también examina como tendencia compensatoria que el exilio y la emigración pueden ofrecer a estos hombres una mayor sensación delibertad y una mejora de su situación económica. Cada uno de los siete capítulos analiza una variedad diferente de las masculinidades en el exilio o la emigración: el adolescente, el hombre en crisis, el hombre ocioso, el hombreque retorna a España, el hombre trabajador, el hombre onanista y el hombre académico. Los autores estudiados son asimismo diversos: Luis de Castresana, Juan José Domenchina, Juan Gil-Albert, Max Aub, Francisco Ayala, Patricio Chamizo, Víctor Canicio, Terenci Moix, Antonio Muñoz Molina y Javier Cercas.

Men in Motion: Spanish Masculinities in Exiles and Emigrations, 1939-1999 by Iker González-Allende delivers the first sustained study of how the Spanish masculine identity, of both homosexual and heterosexual men, is impacted when men are compelled to leave their country. In it, González-Allende examines the literary output of Spanish male authors over three periods of emigration and exile: the long Republican exile from Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), the emigration to Europe during the Spanish economic crisis of the 1960s, and the recent period of emigration of intellectuals to the United States through the end of the twentieth century. Revealing and unpacking recurring patterns of isolation, insecurity, discrimination, and feminization in the host country, González-Allende argues that exile and emigration cause a crisis of powerlessness that can have a destabilizing effect on one's masculinity. González-Allende also examines a countervailing trend among Spanish exiles and émigrés of these periods; that from the same crisis some achieve a greater sense of freedom and improve their socioeconomic standing. Each of the seven chapters analyzes a different Spanish male exile or émigré: the adolescent, the man at a crossroad, the idle man, the returning man, the working man, the onanist, and the academician. Works studied are likewise from a range of authors: Luis de Castresana, Juan José Domenchina, Juan Gil-Albert, Max Aub, Francisco Ayala, Patricio Chamizo, Víctor Canicio, Terenci Moix, Antonio Muñoz Molina, and Javier Cercas.

Iker González-Allende es Profesor Titular de literatura española y de estudios de género en la Universidad de Nebraska–Lincoln. Sus campos de especialización son la literatura y cultura española de los siglos XX-XXI, la Guerra Civil Española, el exilio republicano, la cultura vasca y los estudios de género y sexualidad. Es autor de cuatro libros: la monografía Líneas de fuego: Género y nación en la narrativa española durante la Guerra Civil (1936–1939) (Biblioteca Nueva, 2011), el volumen colectivo El exilio vasco: Estudios en homenaje al profesor José Ángel Ascunce Arrieta (Universidad de Deusto, 2016) y las ediciones de las obras completas de Pilar de Zubiaurre, tituladas Evocaciones: Artículos y diario (1909-1958) (Saturrarán, 2009) y Epistolario de Pilar de Zubiaurre (1906–1970) (Tamesis, 2014). Asimismo, ha publicado más de cuarenta artículos en libros y revistas académicas como Hispania, Anales de la Literatura Española Contemporánea, Hispanic Research Journal, Revista de Estudios Hispánicos y Bulletin of Hispanic Studies.

Iker González-Allende is an associate professor of Hispanic studies and program faculty of women’s and gender studies at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. His areas of expertise are twentieth- to twenty-first-century Spanish literatures and cultures, the Spanish Civil War, Republican exile, Basque culture, and women’s and gender studies. He is the author of four books: the monograph Líneas de fuego: Género y nación en la narrativa española durante la Guerra Civil (1936–1939) (Biblioteca Nueva, 2011), the edited volume El exilio vasco: Estudios en homenaje al profesor José Ángel Ascunce Arrieta (Universidad de Deusto, 2016), and the editions of Pilar de Zubiaurre’s works, titled Evocaciones: Artículos y diario (1909–1958) (Saturrarán, 2009) and Epistolario de Pilar de Zubiaurre (1906–1970) (Támesis, 2014). He also has published more than forty articles in books and academic journals, such as Hispania, Anales de la Literatura Española Contemporánea, Hispanic Research Journal, Revista de Estudios Hispánicos, and Bulletin of Hispanic Studies.

"Hombres en movimiento is an original contribution to peninsular Hispanic studies from a perspective —that of masculinities and/in mobility —that opens a wider discussion on gender, exile, desire, class, and the nation in the Spanish twentieth century. Combining historical and sociological narratives of masculinity and migrations with close literary readings, this book offers an innovative anatomy of Spanish literary masculinities and of the gender anxieties associated with the achievement of literary authorship in displacement." —Helena Miguélez-Carballeira, Bangor University, UK

". . . González-Allende examines male authored works in several literary genres to lay bare the intersections of masculinity and mobility as categories of lived experience and representation. In so doing, the author brings together two fields of inquiry that have not often met. Whereas prior work at the juncture of Masculinity Studies and Mobility Studies tends to overlook Spain, studies in Hispanism rarely consider Spanish exiles and migrants from a gendered perspective, especially when it comes to men. Hombres en movimiento bridges this gap to explore itinerant masculinities in Spanish literature of the twentieth century." —Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature

"Hombres en movimiento('Men in Movement') makes a compelling case for studying exile and migration as gendered experiences of displacement for men who left Spain in three historical periods: during and after the Spanish Civil War (1936- 1939), during the period of economic upheaval in the 1960s, and in a wave of migration by Spanish intellectuals to the United States starting in the 1990s. Building on his previous work on gender and nation in narratives of the Spanish Civil War and on Basque writers in exile, González-Allende examines male authored works in several literary genres to lay bare the intersections of masculinity and mobility as categories of lived experience and representation. In so doing, the author brings together two fields of inquiry that have not often met. As scholarship advances, Hombres en movimiento promises to offer numerous points of departure for continued research at the crossroads of literature, gender, mobility, and twentieth century Spain. " —Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature (STTCL)

"Hombres en movimiento is a necessary and timely volume that is rooted in a nuanced vision of traumatic experiences arising from different types of migration and their impact on masculinity. It will prove invaluable to scholars whose interests lie in the intersection of gender theory and migration studies." —Letras Hispanas

"González-Allende's study of ten literary authors in seven chapters represents an innovative and unprecedented cognitive mapping of Spanish masculinity." —Hispanic Review

"What enabled us to understand homosexuality was its relationship with other social
processes, genders, sexualities and what Michel Foucault would later call 'disciplinary
practices'. The same can be said of masculinity and Iker González-Allende elucidates this
point consistently and with attractive and convincing prose throughout this volume's three hundred pages." —Bulletin of Spanish Studies